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Uranus: God of Sky in Greek Mythology

12/05/2020
     Uranus is the Greek and Roman God of the sky, being thus, for the Hellenics, besides being father of Jupiter (Zeus). Uranus Also represented the sky. Check out everything about this Mythological God below.

Uranus in Greek Mythology:

     Uranus, in Greek Mythology, was the divinity that personified heaven. The etymology possibly originates from the Sanskrit word that originates the name of Varuna, Vedic god of Heaven and Night. Its Latinized form is Uranus. It was spontaneously generated by Gaia (the Earth) and married his mother. 

     Both were ancestors of most Greek gods, but no cult directed directly at Uranus survived until classical times, and the god does not appear among the common themes of ancient Greek pottery. Nevertheless, Earth, Heaven and Styx could be united in a solemn invocation in the Homeric epic.

Greek God Uranus:

     Legend has it that the god Uranus, or Coelo, first king of the Universe, personified the sky. For Hesiod, a Greek poet who probably lived in the 7th century BC, he was, at the same time, the son and husband of Geia, a goddess born immediately after the original Chaos and also known as Titea, Ops, Telos, Vesta and Cybele. In his book Theogony, which deals with the genealogy and affiliation of the gods, Hesiod says that from this union several gods and demigods were born, about forty-five, according to some authors. 

     Among them Oceano, Iapetus, Themis, Cronos, the Titans, the Cyclopes and the hecantoquiros, the "one hundred hands", three giants called Briareu, Coto and Giges, possessing one hundred arms and fifty heads, each, to which the Romans gave the name of Centimanos.

Check: Gaia Goddess of Earth

Castration:

     Concerned with such fertility, Uranus began to bury his newborn children in Geia's body, and she, nonconformed, asked them to avenge her for it, but only Cronos attended to her. Guided by his mother, he one day surprised his father and castrated him the moment he joined his wife, and from the drops of blood that fell on her the Erinias and the Giants were born. Legend has it that Uranus' severed testicles floated in the sea and formed a white foam from which Aphrodite (Venus), the goddess of love, was born. 

     After that, Uranus continued to lie on the ground every night, but as he could no longer fertilize it, he was filled with hurt as a result of the mutilation he had been the victim of and ended up dying, being succeeded by Cronos in the government of the world. . With the act that Cronus had practiced, he had separated heaven from Earth and thereby allowed the world to take on an orderly form.

CHILDREN:

     Uranus was hostile to the hecantoquiros and for that reason he ended up sending them to the entrails of Gaia, but this, enraged, helped them to escape and mount the rebellion that would culminate in the castration and fall of Uranus. Cronos, who came to power shortly afterwards, imprisoned them in Tartarus, from where they were later freed by Zeus and helped him set up an ambush against the Titans: as they had a hundred arms, they threw so many stones at the opponents that they thought that the mountain where they passed was collapsing. After defeating the Titans, they settled in palaces on the River Oceanus, as guardians of the gates of Tartarus, where Zeus had imprisoned the Titans.

They are all his Sons: Titans, Cyclopes, Hecatronchers, Erinias, Meliads, Telkines, Aphrodite.

TITANS AND TITANIDS:

     Titans (male) and titanids (female), in Greek Mythology, are among the entities that faced Zeus and the other Olympic gods in their rise to power. Other opponents were the giants, Typhon and Orion. Of the various Greek poems of the Classical Age about the war between the gods and the titans, only one survived. 

     This is the Theogony attributed to Hesiod. Also the essay On music attributed to Plutarch, mentions in passing a lost epic poem titled Titanomaquia ("War of the Titans") and attributed to the blind Thracian bard, Tamiris, a legendary character. In addition, the Titans played an important role in the poems attributed to Orpheus. Although only fragments of the orphic reports are preserved, they reveal interesting differences in relation to the hesiodic tradition. Titans do not form a homogeneous set. These are, in general, very old deities or "proto-gods" (first gods) who, for one reason or another, continued to have a certain validity within classical Greek myths and, when constituting the genealogical scheme of the gods, were included among the descendants of Uranus.

Check: Titanomachy and Olympic Gods

Benevolent Greek Mythology:

       In classical Greece there was no cult dedicated to Uranus, identified in Rome with the god Sky. Some authors point out that several elements of the narrative suggest a pre-Greek origin for him, and that the harp (scimitar) used by Cronos to maim his father, indicates oriental source for the story. About Greek mythology, it is published that it was of great importance and influenced all Western culture. The oldest texts that retain information about Greek mythology are the works attributed to Homer (Iliad and Odyssey), elaborated approximately in the 11th or 8th centuries before the Christian era, and the works of Hesiod, from the end of the 8th century before Christ. These works are oral poems that passed from generations to generations, later transcribed.
     The ancient worldview of the Greeks was that the Earth (the goddess Gaia or Géia) was a circular, flat surface (except in its irregularities, like the mountains), similar to a plate or disk. The sky (the god Uranus) would be half a hollow sphere, placed on Earth. Between Earth and the sky there would be two regions: the first, lower, which goes from the surface of the ground to the clouds, would be the region of air and mists. The second would be the upper, bright, blue air, which is seen during the day, and which was called ether. Underneath the Earth, there would be a region without light, the Tartars. Around Tartars, there would be three layers of the night. The night is regarded as a scary goddess, whom all gods respect. 

     The Earth would contain all the dry regions known at the time (Europe, Asia and Africa). All of them would be surrounded by a kind of circular river, the ocean, which would go to the edge where the sky and the Earth meet. The ocean is described as the source and origin of all rivers and seas, Homer goes so far as to describe it as the origin of all things and of the gods themselves.

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