Sigmund Schlomo Freud (Freiberg in Mähren, 6 May 1856 - London, 23 September 1939), better known as Sigmund Freud, was a neurologist and psychiatrist who created psychoanalysis. Freud was born into a Jewish family, in Freiberg in Mähren, at the time belonging to the Austrian Empire (today, the place is called Příbor, and belongs to the Czech Republic). Freud began his studies by using the technique of hypnosis in the treatment of patients with hysteria, as a way of accessing their mental contents.
Observing the improvement of patients treated by the French doctor Charcot, he hypothesized that the cause of hysteria was psychological, not organic. This hypothesis served as a basis for other concepts developed by Freud, such as the unconscious.